A. Instrumental learning is the process by which an animal learns about the relationship between the behaviour and the consequences of that behaviour
B. Instrumentally trained responses are not entirely elicited by identifiable stimuli
C. Instrumental learning allows the animal to control the occurrence of environmental events
D. All of the above
Related Mcqs:
- Which TWO of the following are true of the learning set procedure?
1:The animals learns to focus on classes of cues that are inaccurate predictors of reward
2:In the win-stay, lose-shift strategy, the animal learns to persist with a choice that yields food, but shift to the other object if it does not
3:In the learning-set procedure, all stimuli and associations have equal effect on the animal’s behaviour
4:The occurrence of reward can be regarded as a stimulus that can enter into associations or acquire discriminative control over an instrumental actionA. 1 & 2
B. 2 & 3
C. 1 & 3
D. 2 & 4 - Which one of the following approaches tries to analyze human behaviour in terms of stimulus-response units acquired through the process of learning, mainly through instrumental conditioning ?
A. Cognitive Approach
B. Dynamic and Psychoanalytic Approach
C. Stimulus-Response Behaviouristic Approach
D. Existential Approach - How might behaviours of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) explained by principles of instrumental learning?
A. OCD behaviours are naturally learned from biological relatives
B. OCD behaviours are learned from pairing anxiety-provoking stimuli with common behaviours
C. OCD behaviours are learned by perceptual processing of anxiety-provoking stimuli
D. OCD behaviours are contingent upon schedule of reinforcement
E. OCD behaviours are reinforced and maintained because they reduce anxiety - Which of the following statements applies to Gracia and Koelling(1966), animals given LiCl as the US showed an aversion to the light and the click?
A. In the experiment by Gracia and Koelling (1966), animals given LiCl as the US showed an aversion to the light and click
B. Researchers have tended to assume that they results obtained from laboratory studies reveal general principles about the nature of association formation which apply to other species and other stimuli
C. The experiment of Gracia and Koelling (1966) opposed the nation of preparedness
D. The result of Gracia and Koelling’s (1966) experiment supported researchers’ attempts to establish general laws of learning - Which of the following historical events was instrumental in the development of industrial/organizational psychology?
A. The advent of the internet
B. The influx of women into the workforce
C. World War I
D. The industrial revolution - which of the following method of learning is used in learning by doing:
A. Learning thought trial & error
B. Learning thought imitation
C. Learning thought insight
D. All of the above - Which TWO of the following statements are true of blocking?
1: The phenomenon of blocking provides an interesting and much-studied instance of failure to learn, in spite of contiguous presentations of the CS and the US
2: In a blocking experiment, animals receive training with what is termed a compound CS (Phase 2)
3: The experimental group has first received a phase of training in which the US alone is conditioned (Phase 1)
4: The experimental groups shows no (or very little evidence of learning about the CS that is presented in Phase 1A. 1 & 2
B. 2 & 3
C. 3 & 4
D. 1 & 3 - In learning by doing, learning comes through:
A. Skills
B. Observation
C. Limitation
D. Theories - Which of the following statements relating to the stages in Freud’s psychogenetic model of development matches up with Freud’s suggestions?Which of the following statements relating to the stages in Freud’s psychogenetic model of development matches up with Freud’s suggestions?
A. At an early oral stage children usually start to explore their environment but experience control and discipline from their parents
B. Fixation at the anal stage results in children deriving pleasure in adulthood from activities such as overeating, smoking, drinking and kissing
C. At the genital stage children discover pleasure from touching their genitals
D. During the latency period sexual impulses are rechanneled into activities such as sport, learning and social activities - Towards the close of the 19th century, who, as a result of his experiments with animals, formulated laws of learning that seemed to confirm his belief concerning the trial and error nature of learning?
A. William james
B. Edward Thomdike
C. G.Stanely Hall
D. Charles H.judd
