Which one of the following approaches tries to analyze human behaviour in terms of stimulus-response units acquired through the process of learning, mainly through instrumental conditioning ?

Related Mcqs:

1. Which THREE of the following are true regarding habituation and dishabituation?
   1:Habituation involves a gradual reduction in the magnitude of the response to repeated presentation of the response of a stimulus
   2:In dishabituation, the response returns when a salient extraneous stimulus is presented just before a trial with the habituated stimulus
   3:Habituation is caused by sensory-motor fatigue
   4:Habituation occurs as a consequence of the repeated presentation of a single event

   A. 1,2 & 3
   B. 2,3 & 4
   C. 1,2 & 4
   D. 4

2. Which TWO of the following are true of the learning set procedure?
   1:The animals learns to focus on classes of cues that are inaccurate predictors of reward
   2:In the win-stay, lose-shift strategy, the animal learns to persist with a choice that yields food, but shift to the other object if it does not
   3:In the learning-set procedure, all stimuli and associations have equal effect on the animal’s behaviour
   4:The occurrence of reward can be regarded as a stimulus that can enter into associations or acquire discriminative control over an instrumental action

   A. 1 & 2
   B. 2 & 3
   C. 1 & 3
   D. 2 & 4

3. Research on avoidance learning suggests that a fear response is acquired through_________conditioning: the avoidance response is maintained as a result of______conditioning.

   A. classical; operant
   B. operant; classical
   C. classical; classical
   D. operant; operant

4. In which form of conditioning is the conditioned stimulus (CS) presented after the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) _______________?

   A. higher order conditioning
   B. forward conditioning
   C. backward conditioning
   D. second order conditioning

5. In classical conditioning, the relationship between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response is __________________?

   A. learned
   B. reflexive
   C. hereditary
   D. conditioned

6. Which of the following phenomena demonstrate the importance of classical conditioning for human behaviour?

   A. Salivation and responses to light
   B. Illness-induced aversions and phobias
   C. Nausea and headaches
   D. (a),(b) and (c)
   E. None the above

7. When Pavlov repeatedly presented the conditioned stimulus without pairing it with the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response failed to occur. This is known as __________________?

   A. condition failure
   B. recovery
   C. extinction
   D. habituation

8. In classical conditioning, events critical to the learning occur________the response:

   A. before
   B. after
   C. simultaneously with
   D. in a manner unrelated to

9. In operant conditioning, what is the relationship between events critical to learning and the response to be learned?

   A. They occur before the response
   B. They occur after the response
   C. They occur simultaneously with the response
   D. they are unrelated to the response

10. Which of the following statements applies to instrumental learning?

    A. Instrumental learning is the process by which an animal learns about the relationship between the behaviour and the consequences of that behaviour
    B. Instrumentally trained responses are not entirely elicited by identifiable stimuli
    C. Instrumental learning allows the animal to control the occurrence of environmental events
    D. All of the above