A. the onset of an unpleasant event
B. the removal of a positive state of affairs
C. any consequence that reduces the occurrence of behavior
D. a positive reinforcer
Related Mcqs:
- Which of the following is included in the concept of learning:
A. Process
B. Process and changes
C. Process, changes and experience
D. All of the above - In learning by trial & error, an individual:
A. Has not already available solution to his problems
B. Does not use his intellect
C. Does not commit mistakes
D. Does not retry after failure - Rahila found that a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus only if it is contingent and:
A. Inclusive
B. Dominant
C. Informative
D. Appropriate - Nolan used to love tequila. However, a few weeks ago he drank way too much tequila and became very, very sick. His tendency to drink tequila has since declined dramatically. In operant terms, this sequence of events represents:
A. generalization
B. negative reinforcement
C. higher-order conditioning
D. punishment - If you intended to stop at the corner shop on the way home from school, but instead took your usual path from school to your home and missed the corner shop, then your behaviour has been controlled by which type of learning?
A. Response-outcome association
B. Stimulus-response association
C. Selective response learning
D. Instrumental learning
E. Stimulus-habit association - Which of the following statements applies to Gracia and Koelling(1966), animals given LiCl as the US showed an aversion to the light and the click?
A. In the experiment by Gracia and Koelling (1966), animals given LiCl as the US showed an aversion to the light and click
B. Researchers have tended to assume that they results obtained from laboratory studies reveal general principles about the nature of association formation which apply to other species and other stimuli
C. The experiment of Gracia and Koelling (1966) opposed the nation of preparedness
D. The result of Gracia and Koelling’s (1966) experiment supported researchers’ attempts to establish general laws of learning - What is learning?
A. Give rise to many habits
B. Give rise to many emotional states
C. Gibes rise to many economic abilities
D. Give rise to many permanent behavioural changes - Which of the following is the change factor of tends and interests:
A. Conditions
B. Time
C. Experiences
D. All of these - Which of the following learning cannot be durable and effective:
A. That is not backed up by enough practice
B. That is backed up by a motive
C. That is not followed by pleasant
D. Both (a) and (b) - If you have a snake phobia because you once heard a loud noise while looking at a snake, for you a snake is a (n):
A. US
B. CS
C. UR
D. CR