Which one of the following is necessary before an avoidance response can take place?

Related Mcqs:

1. Research on avoidance learning suggests that a fear response is acquired through_________conditioning: the avoidance response is maintained as a result of______conditioning.

   A. classical; operant
   B. operant; classical
   C. classical; classical
   D. operant; operant

2. Which THREE of the following are true regarding habituation and dishabituation?
   1:Habituation involves a gradual reduction in the magnitude of the response to repeated presentation of the response of a stimulus
   2:In dishabituation, the response returns when a salient extraneous stimulus is presented just before a trial with the habituated stimulus
   3:Habituation is caused by sensory-motor fatigue
   4:Habituation occurs as a consequence of the repeated presentation of a single event

   A. 1,2 & 3
   B. 2,3 & 4
   C. 1,2 & 4
   D. 4

3. According to Kohiberg, morality based on the avoidance of punishment and the attainment of concrete rewards represents a(n)______morality.

   A. preconventional
   B. egocentric
   C. conventional
   D. postconventional

4. The avoidance-abidance conflict consists of choice between______negative alternatives without the option of leaving the problems entirely:

   A. Two
   B. Three
   C. Four
   D. Five

5. The basic understanding of the relationship between unconditioned response (UR) and conditioned response (CR) includes which of the following ideas?

   A. The UR and CR are not always the same response
   B. Organisms come to generally behave toward conditioned stimulus as they do unconditioned stimulus
   C. Stimulus situation
   D. The UR and CR are always the same response
   E. (a), (b) and (c)

6. Skinner maintained that reinforcement determines the acquisition of a response; Bandura maintains that reinforcement determines the_______of a response.

   A. acquisition
   B. development
   C. performance
   D. generalization

7. Five-year-old David watches as you pour water from a short, wide glass into a tall, narrow one. He says there is now more water than before. This response demonstrates that:

   A. David understands the concept of conservation
   B. David does not understand the concept of conversion
   C. David cognitive development is “behind” for his age
   D. both b and c are the case

8. Which of the following is not necessary for the process of learning:

   A. Sex discrimination
   B. Physical development
   C. Cognitive development
   D. Experience

9. As one moves from external stimulus to moto response, which of the following constitutes an accurate sequential pattern?

   A. afferent nerve, efferent nerve, neural modulator
   B. efferent nerve, interneuron, afferent nerve
   C. afferent nerve, interneuron, efferent nerve
   D. efferent nerve, afferent nerve, neural modulator

10. When an operant response stops occurring because it is no longer reinforced, which of the following has taken place?

    A. an avoidance response
    B. generalization
    C. extinction
    D. negative reinforcement