A. the benefit that accrues to the buyer in a market
B. the cost that accrues to the seller in a market
C. none of these answers
D. the compensation paid to a firm’s external consultants.
E. The uncompensated impact of one person’s actions on the well-being of a bystander
Related Mcqs:
- Suppose an industry emits a negative externality such a pollution and the possible methods to internalize the externality are command-and-control policies, pigovian taxes, and tradable pollution permits. If economists were to rank these methods for internalizing a negative externality based on efficiency ease of implementation and the incentive for the industry to further reduce pollution in the future, they would probably rank them in the following order (from most favored to least favored) ?
A. Pigouvian taxes, command-and-control policies, tradable pollution permits.
B. tradable pollution permits, Pigouvian taxes, command-and-control policies
C. tradable pollution permits command-and-control policies, Pigovian taxes.
D. command-and-control policies, tradable pollution permits, Pigovian taxes.
E. They would all rank equally high because the same result can be obtained from any one of the policies - When firms enter a monopolistically competitive market and the business-stealing externality is larger than the product-variety externality then ?
A. there are too many firms in the market and market efficiency could be increased if firms exited the market
B. the number of firms in the market is optimal and the market is efficient
C. There are too few firms in the market and market efficiency could be be increased with additional entry
D. The only way to improve efficiency in this market is for the government to regulate it like a natural monopoly. - A positive externality generates ?
A. a social cost curve that is above the supply curve (private cost curve) for a good
B. none of these answers
C. a social value curve that is above the demand curve (private value curve) for good
D. a social value curve that is below the demand curve (private value curve) for a good - A positive externality (that has not been internalized) caused the ?
A. equilibrium quantity to exceed the optimal quantity
B. equilibrium quantity to equal the optimal quantity
C. optimal quantity to exceed the equilibrium quantity
D. equilibrium quantity to be either above or below the optimal quantity - To internalize a positive externality an appropriate public policy response would be to ?
A. ban the good creating the externality
B. tax the good
C. subsidize the good
D. have the government produce the good until the value of an additional unit is zero - A negative externality generates ?
A. a social cost curve that is below the supply curve (private cost curve) for a good
B. none of these answers
C. a social cost curve that is below the supply curve (private cost curve) for a good
D. a social value curve that is above the demand curve (private value curve) for a good - A negative externality (that has not been internalized) causes the ?
A. optimal quantity to exceed the equilibrium quantity.
B. equilibrium quantity to be either above or below the optimal quantity
C. equilibrium quantity to equal the optimal quantity
D. equilibrium quantity to exceed the optimal quantity - To internalize a negative externality an appropriate public policy response would be to ?
A. have the government take over the production of the good causing the externality
B. ban the production of all goods creating negative externalities
C. tax the good
D. subsidize the good - Which of the following is not considered a transaction cost incurred by parties in the process of contracting to eliminate a pollution externality ?
A. costs incurred due to lawyers’ fees
B. costs incurred to reduce the pollution
C. costs incurred to enforce the agreement
D. costs incurred due to a large number of parties affected by the externality
E. All of these answers are considered transaction costs - Roberto and Thomas live in a university hall of residence. Reberto values playing loud music at a value of €100. Thomas values peace and quiet at a value of €150. Which of the following statements is true about an efficient solution to this externality problem if Roberto has the right to play loud music and if there are no transaction costs ?
A. Thomas will pay Roberto between €100 and €150 and Roberto will continue to play loud music
B. Roberto will pay Thomas €150 and Roberto will continue to play loud music
C. Thomas will pay Roberto between €100 and €150 and Roberto will stop playing loud music
D. Roberto will pay Thomas €100 and Roberto will stop playing loud music
