A. costs incurred due to lawyers’ fees
B. costs incurred to reduce the pollution
C. costs incurred to enforce the agreement
D. costs incurred due to a large number of parties affected by the externality
E. All of these answers are considered transaction costs
Related Mcqs:
- Suppose an industry emits a negative externality such a pollution and the possible methods to internalize the externality are command-and-control policies, pigovian taxes, and tradable pollution permits. If economists were to rank these methods for internalizing a negative externality based on efficiency ease of implementation and the incentive for the industry to further reduce pollution in the future, they would probably rank them in the following order (from most favored to least favored) ?
A. Pigouvian taxes, command-and-control policies, tradable pollution permits.
B. tradable pollution permits, Pigouvian taxes, command-and-control policies
C. tradable pollution permits command-and-control policies, Pigovian taxes.
D. command-and-control policies, tradable pollution permits, Pigovian taxes.
E. They would all rank equally high because the same result can be obtained from any one of the policies - When several countries jointly impose common external tariffs, eliminate tariffs on each other, and eliminate barriers to the movement of labor and capital among themselves, they have formed a/na ?
A. free trade area
B. customs union
C. common market
D. economic union - When firms enter a monopolistically competitive market and the business-stealing externality is larger than the product-variety externality then ?
A. there are too many firms in the market and market efficiency could be increased if firms exited the market
B. the number of firms in the market is optimal and the market is efficient
C. There are too few firms in the market and market efficiency could be be increased with additional entry
D. The only way to improve efficiency in this market is for the government to regulate it like a natural monopoly. - Roberto and Thomas live in a university hall of residence. Reberto values playing loud music at a value of €100. Thomas values peace and quiet at a value of €150. Which of the following statements is true about an efficient solution to this externality problem if Roberto has the right to play loud music and if there are no transaction costs ?
A. Thomas will pay Roberto between €100 and €150 and Roberto will continue to play loud music
B. Roberto will pay Thomas €150 and Roberto will continue to play loud music
C. Thomas will pay Roberto between €100 and €150 and Roberto will stop playing loud music
D. Roberto will pay Thomas €100 and Roberto will stop playing loud music - 3M runs a Pollution a Prevention Pays program that has led to a substantial reduction in pollution and costs this would be an example of responding and costs. This would be an example of responding to which of the following ?
A. Nader’s raiders
B. The green movement
C. Governmental regulation
D. International competition - Air pollution from automobile exhausts, and water pollution steel plants are examples of ?
A. external economies
B. negative externalities
C. internal spillover
D. social distortion - Which of the following activities is most likely to produce an externality?
A. A student eats a hamburger in the student union.
B. A student reads a novel for pleasure
C. A student sits at home and watches T.V
D. A student has a party in her room in the student hall of residence. - Which of the following products would be least capable of producing an externality ?
A. inoculations against disease
B. cigarettes
C. food
D. education
E. stereo equipment - Which of the following expenditures to enhance productivity is most likely to emit a positive externality ?
A. Megabank buys a new computer
B. Naila pays her university tuition fees.
C. OGDC leases a new oil field
D. Indus Motors buys a new drill press - A negative externality (that has not been internalized) causes the ?
A. optimal quantity to exceed the equilibrium quantity.
B. equilibrium quantity to be either above or below the optimal quantity
C. equilibrium quantity to equal the optimal quantity
D. equilibrium quantity to exceed the optimal quantity
