Which perspective is most concerned with identifying the limits of human reasoning?

Related Mcqs:

1. Inductive reasoning goes from the specific to the general. Which of the following is analogous to inductive reasoning?

   A. top-down processing
   B. bottom-up processing
   C. perceptual expectancies
   D. illusions

2. While considerable research suggests that human’s exhibit relatively poor reasoning ability what reasons have been given to be critical of this research?

   A. Rationality is not absolute
   B. Experiments lack ecological validity
   C. Satisficing responses are rational responses
   D. People have limited time and data available
   E. All of the above

3. The psychological perspective that emphasizes on how observable responses are learned is the_____________ perspective?

   A. behavioral
   B. behavior genetics
   C. cognitive
   D. evolutionary

4. The humanistic perspective is to Maslow as the social-cognitive perspective is to:

   A. Adler
   B. Allport
   C. Rogers
   D. Bandura

5. The perspective which is concerned with characteristic changes that occur in people as they mature is known as _________?

   A. Developmental Perspective
   B. Biological Perspective
   C. Humanistic Perspective
   D. None of these

6. Lauren and Curtis spend six hours per week studying for the botany course. Lauren is concerned that if she doesn’t study she will fail the course; Curtis is concerned that if he doesn’t study he won’t earn the highest grade in the class. In this example:

   A. Lauren is motivated by both a fear of failure and a need for achievement, while Curtis is merely motivated by a need for achievement
   B. Lauren is motivated by a fear of failure and Curtis is motivated by a need for achievement
   C. both students are motivated by a need for achievement
   D. both students are motivated by a fear of failure

7. Which one of the following statements are true of the Wason selection, or four-card problem (Wason,1966)?
   1. The Wason Selection Task is a good task because it produces identical results in concrete and abstract forms
   2. In general, concrete versions of the task are more difficult to think about than uncluttered abstract versions.
   3. Although the task is one of pure reasoning some concrete versions are easier because of how we think in certain social situations.
   4. People typically pick one card correctly, but pick an inappropriate one as the second choice in the original version of the task.

   A. 1 & 2
   B. 3 & 4
   C. 1 & 4
   D. 2 & 3

8. All of the following qualities describe reasoning by intuition except for:

   A. Occurs automatically
   B. Fast analysis of information
   C. Strong feeling of conviction
   D. Logical analysis

9. What can we not say about moral reasoning and delinquency?

   A. When moral issues are related to crime the differences between male delinquents and male non- delinquents are their greatest
   B. Male delinquents are typically at Kohlberg’s pre- conventional level compare to male non- delinquents
   C. Offenders were typically at Kohlberg’s conventional level of moral reasoning, i.e. obtaining social approval compared non- offenders
   D. Non-offenders males tend to be at a lower level of moral reasoning than non- offendring females

10. Despite huge legal costs and social disapproval, Mr. Lambers refuses to pay Income taxes because his conscience will not allow him to support a government that spends billion of dollars on military weapons. Mr. Lambers’ reasoning best illustrate Kohiberg’s______stage.

    A. concrete operational
    B. preconventional
    C. conventional
    D. postconventional