All of the following factors contribute to individuals’ unrealistic optimism about their chances of getting an illness or other health problems except for:

A. Lack of personal experience with the problem
B. Belief the problem is preventable by individual action
C. Belief the problem will not appear in the future if it has not yet appeared
D. Belief that parents’ health is the sole determinant of their health problems
E. Belief that the problems are infrequent