A solute distributes itself between two non-miscible solvents in contact with each other in such a way that, at a constant temperature, the ratio of its concentrations in two layers is constant, irrespective of its total amount”. This is_________________?

Related Mcqs:

1. Critical solution temperature (or the con-solute temperature) for partially miscible liquids (e.g., phenol-water) is the minimum temperature at which___________________?

   A. A homogeneous solution (say of phenol water) is formed
   B. Mutual solubility of the two liquids shows a decreasing trend
   C. Two liquids are completely separated into two layers
   D. None of these

2. A solid metallic block weighing 5 kg has an initial temperature of 500°C. 40 kg of water initially at 25°C is contained in a perfectly insulated tank. The metallic block is brought into contact with water. Both of them come to equilibrium. Specific heat of block material is 0.4 kJ.kg-1. K-1. Ignoring the effect of expansion and contraction and also the heat capacity to tank, the total entropy change in kJ.kg-1, K-1 is_________________?

   A. -1.87
   B. 0
   C. 1.26
   D. 3.91

3. The chemical potential of a component (μi) of a phase is the amount by which its capacity for doing all work, barring work of expansion is increased per unit amount of substance added for an infinitesimal addition at constant temperature and pressure. It is given by_________________?

   A. (∂E/∂ni)S, v, nj
   B. (∂G/∂ni)T, P, nj = (∂A/∂ni) T, v, nj
   C. (∂H/∂ni)S, P, nj
   D. All (A), B. and (C)

4. What is the degree of freedom for two miscible (non-reacting) substances in vapor-liquid equilibrium forming an azeotrope ?

   A. 0
   B. 1
   C. 2
   D. 3

5. What is the number of degree of freedom for a system of two miscible non-reacting species in vapor-liquid equilibrium forming an azeotrope ?

   A. 0
   B. 2
   C. 1
   D. 3

6. A very dilute solution is prepared by dissolving ‘x1’ mole of solute in ‘x2’ mole of a solvent. The mole fraction of solute is approximately equal to_________________?

   A. x1/x2
   B. x2/x1
   C. 1 – (x1/x2)
   D. 1/x2

7. A steam carrying pipeline is insulated with two layers of insulating materials with the inferior insulation material forming the inner part. If the two insulating layers are interchanged, the heat conducted will____________________?

   A. Increase
   B. Decrease
   C. Remain unaffected
   D. May increase or decrease; depends on the thickness of each layer

8. Addition of a non-volatile solute to a solvent produces a ______________ in its solvent?

   A. Freezing point elevation
   B. Boiling point depression
   C. Vapor pressure lowering
   D. All A., B. & C.

9. Chemical potential (an intensive property) of a substance is a force that drives the chemical system to equilibrium and is equal to its partial molar properties. The ratio of chemical potential to free energy of a pure substance at constant temperature and pressure is________________?

   A. 0
   B. 1
   C. ∞
   D. None of these

10. Addition of a non-volatile solute to a pure solvent ____________________?

    A. Increases its freezing point
    B. Increases its boiling point
    C. Decreases its freezing point
    D. Both B. and C.