Research studies that examine people’s responses on the Watson Selection test, the military problem puzzle and speak-aloud protocols have demonstrated that reasoning about problems is strongly influenced by:

Related Mcqs:

1. Phobias can be very debilitating and distressing phenomena. Which, if any, of the following statements are correct in relation to Watson and Rayner’s (1920) research into them?
   1:Watson and Rayner speculated that the complexity of emotional responsiveness in adults might be explained by the conditioning of children’s simple emotional reactions when they are exposed to new stimuli
   2:Watson and Rayner found evidence for emotional from a test trial in which the rat was accompanied by the noise
   3:The fear reaction in Albert could be produced by a loud noise
   4:None of the above

   A. 1 & 2
   B. 1 & 3
   C. 2 & 3
   D. 4

2. Which one of the following statements are true of the Wason selection, or four-card problem (Wason,1966)?
   1. The Wason Selection Task is a good task because it produces identical results in concrete and abstract forms
   2. In general, concrete versions of the task are more difficult to think about than uncluttered abstract versions.
   3. Although the task is one of pure reasoning some concrete versions are easier because of how we think in certain social situations.
   4. People typically pick one card correctly, but pick an inappropriate one as the second choice in the original version of the task.

   A. 1 & 2
   B. 3 & 4
   C. 1 & 4
   D. 2 & 3

3. While considerable research suggests that human’s exhibit relatively poor reasoning ability what reasons have been given to be critical of this research?

   A. Rationality is not absolute
   B. Experiments lack ecological validity
   C. Satisficing responses are rational responses
   D. People have limited time and data available
   E. All of the above

4. Inductive reasoning goes from the specific to the general. Which of the following is analogous to inductive reasoning?

   A. top-down processing
   B. bottom-up processing
   C. perceptual expectancies
   D. illusions

5. Sherif’s autokinetic experiments and Asch’s line studies demonstrated the power of which social psychological factor on the degree to which people confirm?

   A. Group identity
   B. individual norms
   C. Individual identity
   D. Group norms

6. Watson argued that all behavior is composed of reflexive responses to stimuli, but Skinner later argued that behavior is determined ____________?

   A. patterns
   B. consequences of responses
   C. predictability of responses
   D. strength of responses

7. Select the TWO correct statements from those below with regard to psychological research:
   1.You can fully understand the result of an IQ test without knowing anything about intelligence testing and standard scores.
   2. if two things are correlated this signifies that one is the cause of the other.
   3. A good knowledge of psychological research methods allows you to avoid making the mistakes that journalists politicians and many others make because they lack the necessary conceptual understanding.
   4. In most countries, in order to become a psychologist, you will be required to conduct a piece of psychological research.

   A. 1 & 2
   B. 2 & 3
   C. 1 & 4
   D. 3 & 4

8. The functionalist strongly influenced by _________?

   A. Willhelm Wundt
   B. Charles Darwin
   C. J. B. Watson
   D. William James

9. Which find of psychology studies the perceptions, motives, and behavior are influenced by the interactions of people?

   A. Counselling
   B. Clinical
   C. Personality
   D. Social

10. The Hawthorne studies were used to examine the effects of:

    A. Revery obsession
    B. Mass group testing
    C. Manipulating workplace lighting
    D. Time and motion