What is called the result of a state’s borrowing from its population, from foreign governments or from international institutions ?

Related Mcqs:

1. What is called that bank which regularly accepts foreign currency-denominated deposits and makes foreign currency-denominated deposits and makes foreign currency loans ?

   A. Eurobank
   B. Foreign bank
   C. International Bank
   D. Multinational Bank

2. Takatoshi Ito (1992) contends that parliamentary governments manipulate the timing of _____ while presidential governments manipulate the timing of _____?

   A. monetary policy, fiscal policy
   B. elections; economics policies
   C. economic policies; political policies
   D. tax collection, tax implementation

3. A period of rapid population growth between a preindustrial stable population characterized by high birth and death rates and a later modern, stable population marked by low fertility and mortality is known as ?

   A. demographic transition
   B. population maturity
   C. demobilizing population
   D. birth-death transformation

4. If a government uses barriers to foreign products such as biases against a foreign company’s bids or product standards that go against a foreign company’s product features the government is using ?

   A. Protectionism
   B. exchange controls
   C. exchange facilitators
   D. nontariff trade barriers

5. Which of the following may constitute the International Monetary Fund’s conditionality for borrowing?

   I. government reducing budget deficts
   II. limiting credit creation and liberalizing trade
   III. achieving market-clearing price
   IV. restraining public sector employment and wage rates

   A. I and II only
   B. III and IV only
   C. I, II , III and IV
   D. None of these

6. What is called when government spending overwhelms government revenue resulting in government borrowing ?

   A. Budget deficit
   B. Deficient financing
   C. Unbalanced spending
   D. Deficit spending

7. Government borrows in the form of promissory note to repay the bearer after some fixed days from the date of issue. How is called such borrowing ?

   A. Bond
   B. Treasury bill
   C. Term bound
   D. Securities

8. Export subsidies levied by foreign governments on products in which the Pakistan the comparative disadvantage ?

   A. lower the welfare of all Pakistanis
   B. lead to increases in Pakistani consumer surplus
   C. encourage Pakistan’s production of competing goods
   D. encourage Pakistani workers to demand higher wages

9. An increase in the budget deficit that causes the government to increase its borrowing ?

   A. Shifts the supply of loanable funds to the right
   B. Shift the demand for loandbale funds to the left
   C. Shift the demand for loanable funds to the right
   D. Shift the supply of loanable funds to the left

10. What can a central bank increase in order to reduce consumer borrowing ?

    A. commercial bank deposits
    B. government bank deposits
    C. government spending
    D. interest rates
    E. None of these