Cities and Urban Life

A. ethnic communities based on shard identity and experiences of discrimination
B. gay villages which are formed in certain parts of large cities
C. sociological communities formed by unpopular lectures
D. virtual communities that exist only in cyberspace

A. how social groups colonized different areas of the city and competed for resources
B. the forms of wildlife and natural habitats that could be found on the edges of the city
C. the way in which people organized collective protests about environmental issues
D. how men and women used the city’s public spaces differently

A. a shared sense of identity and belonging together
B. common activities involving all -round relationships
C. a fixed geographical location
D. collective action based on common interests

A. living in closely connected settlements is a social feature common in developing countries
B. fertility rates are generally higher in developing countries including among city dwellers
C. greater job opportunities encourage large-scale internal migration from rural areas to cities
D. reverse migration (from cities back to rural communities) can be harder in developing societies once a livelihood in a rural community is lost

A. Park
B. Hawley
C. Wirth
D. Burgess

A. Hervey
B. Molotch
C. Castells
D. Saunders

A. renovating inner-city buildings for occupation by the middle classes
B. a new domestic waste reduction strategy for inner-city areas
C. councils buying up cheap housing to turn into commercial developments
D. refurbishing old buildings and finding new uses for previously used land

A. it has more millionaires than any other city
B. it has been hardened against the poor
C. it has been hardened against than any other US city
D. it has a policy of promoting opportunity for all

A. New York
B. Mumbai
C. Beijing
D. Tokyo

A. Louise Wirth
B. Robert Park
C. Georg Simmel
D. Max Weber