Conflict, War, and Terrorism

A. are considered to be low-intensity conflict when they occur only once
B. are the type of action that elevate a low-intensity conflict into full-scale warfare
C. fall into the category of guerilla war because they consist of a conventional force facing a nonconventional force
D. fall into the gray area between wars and nonwars because their destruction is limited and they are over quickly

A. They explain wars in terms of power relations among major actors in the international system
B. There are two major theories and neither holds up very well in reality
C. One theory at the individual level, consistent with realism, holds that the use of war and other violent means of leverage in international conflicts is abnormal and reflects the irrational decisions of national leaders
D. The two major theories in this arena are based on the assumptions of realism

A. develop defenses that could shoot down incoming ballistic missiles
B. build up U.S. numbers of intercontinental ballistic missiles
C. build up U.S. stockpiles of nuclear weapons
D. ensure that the U.S. has second-strike capability

A. May be becoming increasingly obsolete
B. Is rooted in our understanding of a Westphalian state system
C. a and b
D. None of the options given is correct

A. Thucydides
B. Quincy Wright
C. Hedley Bull
D. Karl von Clausewitz

A. Is a political instrument
B. Is only fought between states
C. Can be an agent of historical change
D. a and b

A. Comes from the work of historical sociologist Charles Tilly
B. Applies to the development and use of atomic weapons
C. Is the primary argument of Robert Heinlein
D. Is used to explain civil conflict in Africa

A. is the dominant focus of the Revolution in Military Affairs
B. Neglects the complex political dimensions of warfare
C. a and b
D. None of the options given is correct

A. Identity politics are increasingly important
B. Economic insecurity provokes civil conflict
C. Technological development and ‘virtual war’ have enabled Western intervention
D. All of the options given are correct

A. Afghanistan in the 1980’s
B. Rwanda in 1994
C. Serbia in 1999
D. Iraq in 2003